Real Estate Glossary - P
Partial Payment
A payment that is not sufficient to cover the scheduled monthly payment on a mortgage loan.
Periodic Payment Cap
For an adjustable-rate mortgage (ARM), a limit on the amount that payments can increase or decrease during any one adjustment period.
Permits
With most major home improvement projects, work permits may be required. Permits provide legal permission to undertake a project and are usually given by local governments agencies.
Some of the most common permits are for general projects or permits that require you to meet specific local building codes.
You may want to check with your local government to determine if there are building restrictions in historic areas or in environmentally-sensitive areas.
PITI
Principle, interests, taxes and insurance (PITI) are the four components of a monthly mortgage payment.
The four components of a monthly mortgage payment.
- Principal refers to the part of the monthly payment that reduces the remaining balance of the mortgage.
- Interest is the fee charged for borrowing money.
- Taxes and insurance refer to the amounts that are paid into an escrow account each month for property taxes and hazard insurance.
Point
A one-time charge by the lender for originating a loan. A point is 1 percent of the amount of the mortgage.
Pre-Approval
When you work with your lender to get pre-approved, you are getting an indication of how much money you will be eligible to borrow when you apply for a mortgage. This process occurs before you complete an application for a loan.
Pre-approval includes a screening of a borrower’s credit history, and all information you give to your lender will be verified when you apply for your mortgage.
Prearranged Refinancing Agreement
A formal or informal arrangement between a lender and a borrower wherein the lender agrees to offer special terms (such as a reduction in the costs) for a future refinancing of a mortgage being originated as an inducement for the borrower to enter into the original mortgage transaction.
Prepayment
Any amount paid to reduce the principal balance of a loan before the due date. Payment in full on a mortgage that may result from a sale of the property, the owner’s decision to pay off the loan in full, or a foreclosure. In each case, prepayment means payment occurs before the loan has been fully amortized.
Prime Rate
The interest rate that banks charge to their preferred customers. Changes in the prime rate influence changes in other rates, including mortgage interest rates.
Principal Balance
The outstanding balance of principal on a mortgage. The principal balance does not include interest or any other charges.
Public Auction
A meeting in an announced public location to sell property to repay a mortgage that is in default.
Purchase Money Transaction
The acquisition of property through the payment of money or its equivalent.
Payment Change Date
The date when a new monthly payment amount takes effect on an adjustable-rate mortgage (ARM) or a graduated-payment mortgage (GPM). Generally, the payment change date occurs in the month immediately after the interest rate adjustment date.
Periodic Rate Cap
For an adjustable-rate mortgage (ARM), a limit on the amount that the interest rate can increase or decrease during any one adjustment period, regardless of how high or low the index might be.
Personal Property
Any property that is not real property.
PITI Reserves
A cash amount that a borrower must have on hand after making a down payment and paying all closing costs for the purchase of a home. The principal, interest, taxes, and insurance (PITI) reserves must equal the amount that the borrower would have to pay for PITI for a predefined number of months.
Planned Unit Development (PUD)
A project or subdivision that includes common property that is owned and maintained by a homeowners’ association for the benefit and use of the individual PUD unit owners.
Power of Attorney
A legal document that authorizes another person to act on one’s behalf. A power of attorney can grant complete authority or can be limited to certain acts and/or certain periods of time.
Pre-Qualification
The process of determining how much money a prospective home buyer will be eligible to borrow before he or she applies for a loan.
Preforeclosure Sale
A procedure in which the investor allows a mortgagor to avoid foreclosure by selling the property for less than the amount that is owed to the investor.
Prepayment Penalty
A fee that may be charged to a borrower who pays off a loan before it is due.
If you pay off your mortgage before it is due, you may be charged a fee -- this is referred to as a prepayment penalty.
Any amount that is paid to reduce the principal balance of a loan before the due date - such as the sale of the property, the owner’s decision to pay the loan in full, the owner’s decision to pay additional money every month to lower the principle or interest - is considered prepayment.
You may want to consider discussing the specifics of this fee as you negotiate the terms of your loan with your lender.
Principal
The amount borrowed or remaining unpaid. The part of the monthly payment that reduces the remaining balance of a mortgage.
One of the terms you’re likely to hear when you talk about a mortgage with your lender is principal. The principal is the amount originally borrowed or the amount that remains to be paid once you have started making payments. It is also the part of the monthly mortgage payment that reduces the remaining balance of a mortgage.
The principal balance is the outstanding amount of principal on a mortgage; it does not include interest or any other charges.
Private Mortgage Insurance (PMI)
Also known as Mortgage Insurance, PMI is provided by a private mortgage insurance company to protect lenders against loss if a borrower defaults. Most lenders generally require PMI for a loan with a loan-to-value (LTV) percentage in excess of 80 percent.
Promissory Note
A written promise to repay a specified amount over a specified period of time.
Purchase and Sale Agreement
A written contract signed by the buyer and seller stating the terms and conditions under which a property will be sold.
The Purchase and Sale Agreement is a written contract that is signed by the buyer and seller. It states the terms and conditions under which a property will be sold. It includes:
- description of property
- price offered
- down payment
- earnest money deposit
- financing
- personal items to be included
- closing date
- occupancy date
- length of time the offer is valid
- special contingencies
- inspection
